Contents:

Selected fundamental principles of general chemistry. The course is designed for students who have not had high school chemistry and for those who need a review of chemistry before taking other chemistry courses. This course does not include laboratory instruction. 3 lecture hours.
Prerequisite - MAT 037 Basic Algebra or equivalent proficiency.
Corequisite - placement in ENG 101 English Composition I

Course Coordinator: Michael Dorneman, Office MS 120,
email dornemam@mccc.edu, subject line must begin “CHE100” and include your section and a subject. Others are deleted.

Classroom Conduct:

It is your responsibility as a student to attend all of your classes.  If you miss a class meeting for any reason, you are responsible for all content that is covered, for announcements made in your absence, and for acquiring any materials that may have been distributed in class.  It is expected that you will be on time for all of your classes.  If you walk into a class after it has begun, it is expected that you choose a seat close to where you entered the room, and make every effort to not disrupt the class meeting.

You are expected to follow ordinary rules of courtesy during class sessions.  Engaging in private, side conversations during class time is distracting to other students and to the instructor.  Leaving class early without out having informed the instructor prior to class is not appropriate.  Unless there is an emergency, leaving class and returning while the class is in session is rude, and is not acceptable behavior.  Disruptive behavior of any type, including sharpening pencils during class (particularly if someone is speaking) or cell phone noises are not appropriate.

Students, at the instructor’s discretion, may be removed from class for any disruptive behavior. Some such behaviors include but are not limited to talking out of turn, cell phone use of any kind, getting out of their seat, or moving around the classroom.

Cell phones can be particularly disruptive. If your cell phone goes off during a test or quiz, you are done with the test or quiz, you may not complete the test, and your paper must be taken immediately. Unanswered questions are graded as wrong. Refusal will result in a zero grade on the test. The student must turn their cell phone off during class. If the student must be contacted during class, they should miss that class.

Texting during class is not allowed.

Students not on the grade roster for the course may not attend class, take quizzes, nor take exams, and will not receive a passing grade.

Auditing students may not take quizzes or exams, and must refuse the test paper if offered.

The college welcomes all students into an environment that creates a sense of community of pride and respect; we are all here to work cooperatively and to learn together.

Attendance Policy:

Attendance is required at all classes. A missed test or quiz will count as zero. Students are also expected to be in class on time.

Class Cancellations

If a class is cancelled by outside forces for any reason, the student should expect the scheduled activities in the next class meeting.

Homework:

Homework is required. Homework consists of your reading the textbook, memorizing certain facts and information, and doing homework problems.  Additional studying must be done on a continuing basis so that information needed to solve problems and problem solving methods are remembered for quizzes and exams.  It is expected that you will write out all assigned homework in a neat and organized fashion.  Students must show their thought process, work (not arithmetic), and/or justification for each answer. The chapter and question number, a brief statement of the problem, and data given by the problem must be written as the first step in the process. Any collected homework that does not follow this format will be marked as not done. Any work that the instructor cannot understand will be marked wrong.  All homework is due the meeting after the corresponding material is covered in class.

HOMEWORK WILL BE COLLECTED AT VARIOUS TIMES THROUGHOUT THE SEMESTER, at the instructors discretion.

It is useful to note that the textbook generally gives more information than you need to know for this course.

Course Notebook:

It is required that the student purchase a ring binder type of notebook and that these Transparency Notes be placed therein. The notebook must include additional blank loose-leaf (three-hole punched) paper between pages of the Transparency Notes so that the student can take notes during lecture. Homework must be written out, also on loose-leaf paper, and included in the notebook in a section exclusively for homework. Additional blank sheets should be included at the front of the notebook for important dates, such as exams, deadlines, etc.

Calculators:

Students must have a simple calculator that adds, subtracts, multiplies and divides. Calculators that can store, in memory, formulas or other information are not allowed. Calculators that can convert from one type of units to another are not allowed.

Evaluation and Grading:

The course grade will be based on exams, quizzes, class attendance, and homework assignments.

There will be 3 hour exams given in class at approximately the time indicated in the Homework Schedule, with the exact date to be determined when the material on the exam is completed. Additionally, a cumulative final exam will be given during the Final Exam period in the 16th week of the semester. You must be present for the exams, including the Final Exam.

Quizzes will be given every week. In addition surprise quizzes will be given.

Homework assignments will be collected and graded several times during the semester. For credit, homework must be written in a neat and organized fashion, following guidelines given in class, showing work and explaining your answers.

The course grade will be determined by the total number of points accumulated. The following table describes the point value for each component. These point totals may be modified dependant on the amount of quizzes and exams given by your instructor.

Points Basis
Exam I, 100 % score
Exam II, 100 % score
Exam III, 100 % score
Exam IV, 100 % score
(Given in Finals Week and is cumulative)
Quizzes (Total of 10 best) 100, 10 points each
Attendance (see below), 20 for no absences
Homework, variable
Total possible 520        Cut off scores for each letter grade are listed below.

Attendance Points: There are no excused absences. It is expected that all students will attend all classes. Points are lost for missing classes: -0 for the first absence; -0 for the second; -0 for the third; -0 for the fourth; and -5 for the fifth subsequent absences to a total of -20 points for missing 8 classes.

Course Grade: Although the majority of the course grade comes from exam scores, attendance in class is critical to learning. A student that misses substantial portions of the course will receive a failure grade. Missed exams cannot be "made up", and Incomplete grades will not be given.

Course Grade Calculation: A student must pass the final exam to pass the course. Your grade is based on points, not percent, see the chart below:

Students not registered for the course may not attend class, take quizzes, nor take exams, and will not receive a passing grade. Students who have not paid for the course may not attend class, take quizzes, nor take exams, and will not receive a passing grade. Students who withdraw or are withdrawn from the course may not take quizzes or exams, and will not receive a passing grade.

Students auditing the course may not take quizzes or exams, and must refuse a test paper if offered.

Students with valid, college issued, accommodations forms must inform the instructor of those accommodations and the students intention to use those accommodations at the beginning of the semester, and two class weeks before these accommodations take effect. Students with accommodations must take tests or quizzes at the same time as students in their class.

Participation in Biology, Chemistry, and Physics laboratory courses is permitted provided the student has completed the required prerequisites and is a minimum of 16 years of age, or by the permission of the instructor and the Dean of the division.

These course rules (and the objectives that follow) are subject to change, with minimum notice, at the instructors’ discretion. Additions, deletions, and changes, should they occur, will be discussed in lecture.

Academic Integrity Statement (Cheating):
A student who:
a.) knowingly represents work of others as his/her own,
b.) uses or obtains unauthorized assistance in the execution of any academic work, or
c.) gives fraudulent assistance to another student
is guilty of cheating. Violators will be penalized.

General Course Objectives:

This course will take the place of a high school chemistry course for a curriculum at MCCC that requires such a course for entrance. You must therefore learn the technical terms and the principles that will be used in courses in Nursing, Mortuary Science, etc. that have to do with chemistry.

This course, then, will be helpful to students taking the chemistry courses in the Nursing programs, or taking CHE 101, General Chemistry. Since CHE 100 is a fundamental science course, it will be helpful if you take such courses as BIO 101 or PHY 101 (biology or physics).

Specific Course Objectives:

I. Introduction and History

1. Define Chemistry, give its two major subdivisions, and define those subdivisions, describe the other subdivisions of chemistry, define matter.
2. Describe what each of the following societies or individuals had to do with the history of chemistry: Ancient Egyptians, Ancient Greeks, Alchemists, Galileo, Robert Boyle, Antoine Lavoisier, Neils Bohr, Albert Einstein.
3. Describe the four steps in the scientific method and define and differentiate between an observation, a hypothesis, a theory, and a scientific law. State what makes an explanation a Scientific explanation.

II. Measurements

1. Define and differentiate between qualitative measurements and quantitative measurements; give examples of each.
2. Define and describe the 3 parts of a measurement, describe the importance of each part.
3. Define and contrast accuracy and precision. Describe uncertainty with respect to measurements.
4. Define the term significant digits and, given a measurement, state the number of significant digits in the measurement. (Know and use the rules for significant digits.)
5. Define and give at least 2 examples of fundamental quantities and derived quantities.
6. Correctly round off numbers and round when needed.
7. Use the rules for keeping the proper number of significant digits in the answer when doing a calculation involving multiplication and/or division; and when doing a calculation involving addition or subtraction, or both.
8. For a number written in Scientific Notation, identify its parts (the coefficient and the order of magnitude) and be able to convert a number from the way it is normally written (decimal notation) to scientific notation or from scientific notation to decimal notation. Calculate with Scientific Notation.

III. Metric System

1. Define and describe length, mass, weight, and volume and state the differences between them. Know the formulas for volume and percent, perform calculations with those formulas.
2. Describe the metric units and measuring device for length and mass and volume.
3. Define and describe the metric units for volume (cm3, ml and L) and convert between them.
4. Define, describe, and convert between units with prefixes milli, centi, deci, and kilo, and give examples of objects of these sizes.
5. Know what unit factors are. Be able to make them, use them, solve problems with them, and convert between different units with them.
6. Define and describe temperature, Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin temperatures, and use the formulas for conversion between Fahrenheit and Celsius. Be able to state if a temperature is cold, room temperature, hot or very hot in each system. State the Freezing point and melting point of water, room temperature, and body temperature in both Fahrenheit and Celsius.
7. Define heat, calorie, Calorie, kilocalorie, joule and specific heat.
8. Define density, state the formula for density (D=M/V), be able to calculate density, state how and why a change in M or V affects D, and tell which substance will float or sink in a liquid and why. Define and calculate specific gravity and state how it is related to density.

IV. Properties and Changes of Matter

1. Define and describe physical properties, give 6 examples, and identify and list physical properties of a give substance.
2. Define and describe the four physical states of matter, including in the description volume and shape, attraction between, motion of, arrangement, and distance between the elementary particles in that state, and identify the state of a substance. Do the same with Change of State. Explain and justify your answers.
3. Identify, define, and compare and contrast the various types of matter (pure, compound, element, mixture, homogeneous, heterogeneous, phases of mixture, substance) and give examples. Identify materials as belonging to each type of matter above. Explain and justify your answers.
4. Define chemical properties, give 6 examples and identify and list the chemical properties of a given substance.
5. Describe and differentiate between physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical changes, and identify which occur during an event.
6. Define energy, potential energy, kinetic energy, heat energy, chemical potential energy, and, in a particular situation, identify energy as either potential or kinetic, and describe how these are related to chemical or physical changes. Describe and name types of Kinetic and Potential energy and when involved in a change. Define, describe, and give examples of Endothermic and exothermic, and synonyms.
7. State the law of conservation of matter and the law of conservation of energy, give examples of where and how these laws are important, and how this is related to chemical changes. Describe the roles of Lavoisier and Einstein with respect to these laws.
8. Calculate the % of a component in a mixture, or the amount of a component in a mixture given its percent.

V. Elements, Compounds, Formulas, and Equations

1. Define an element, give examples, identify them from a list of choices, and state how elements are related to atoms, compounds, pure substances, and mixtures.
2. List (not necessarily in order) the 6 most common elements in the human body, and the 4 most common elements in the earth's crust.
3. Define and identify the symbol for an element, given the name of an element write the symbol and given a symbol, write the name for selected elements (from lecture).
4. Define, differentiate between, describe, and give examples of formulas for: compounds, ionic compounds, molecular compounds, ions, cations, anions, polyatomic ions, and molecules. State what type of bond holds different types of compounds together, and which type of elements form which kind of compound.
5. Give the name and formula of selected polyatomic ions.
6. State how an element, compound, and mixture differ; identify something as a compound, mixture, or element.
7. Define chemical formula and subscript, given a formula, state the elements involved and how many atoms of each element and how many ions of each all types; also use parenthesis in formulas.
8. Define, describe, identify, compare and contrast the classes of elements and properties of each class; where they are located in the periodic table, which elements are gaseous at room temperature, which are diatomic, which are halogens and noble gasses, which elements are monatomic gasses, and what the terms diatomic and monatomic mean.
9. Define binary compound and give examples; define ternary compound and give examples; given a formula, identify it as binary, ternary, or neither, and give its name. Name compounds with polyatomic ions.
10. Define a chemical equation (reaction), define and identify reactants, products, coefficients, subscripts; given the reactants and products, balance a chemical equation, state the coefficient on each formula in a chemical equation. State how many of each element are present and where they are present in any chemical equation.

VI. The Periodic Table and Atomic Structure

1. Describe the Periodic Law. Discuss Mendeleev and the relationship between the Periodic Law, Mendeleev, and Bohr.
2. For the representative elements, from their position on the periodic table, give the correct formula for a binary compound.
3. Describe the arrangement of the Periodic Table and note the placement and importance of families or groups, periods, A and B subgroups, alkali metals, Halogens, Noble Gasses, metals, non-metals, semi-metals, Transition metals, and Representative elements. From the column number, state the charge on the ion of any representative element.
4. State the name, charge, relative mass, and location in an atom of the three types of sub-atomic particles in an atom.
5. Describe Rutherford’s experiment and his picture of an atom.
6. Define atomic weight, mass number, atomic number and isotopes and state how they are related. Identify isotopes. Given a periodic table, give the atomic number or atomic weight of any element.
7. Describe the composition of a nucleus and the relation between composition and Mass Number, Atomic Weight, and Atomic Number. Given adequate information, determine Mass Number, Atomic Number, name of element, amount of protons, neutrons, and or electrons in an atom or ion.
8. Describe Bohr's theory of atomic structure. Define energy levels and orbits and relate them to Bohr's theory. Relate the Bohr model to location on the periodic table.
9. Describe the quantum mechanical theory of the structure of the atom, and how this differs from the Bohr model. Define energy levels. Relate the quantum mechanics model to location on the Periodic Table.
10. Describe electron structure, define Principal Quantum Shell and state what each represents. State how many electrons the Principal Quantum Shell can hold, and define valence shell.
11. Define orbitals; state where they are located, how each is designated, how they are related to principal quantum levels, how many electrons each can contain, and how they are related to energy levels.
12. State what importance sub-orbitals have and how many electrons a sub-orbital can hold; draw and describe the s and p sub-orbitals.
13. Identify parts of an electron configuration and the valence shell configuration. Describe how the Periodic Table is related to electron configuration.
14. Define and describe the terms valence shell and valence electrons. State how many electrons are present in the valence shell of any representative element. From the column number, state the charge on the ion of any representative element.
15. Give the Lewis Dot Structure for an atom. Discuss the meaning of Lewis Dot Structures.
16. State what is special about the Noble Gasses and why, with respect to their electron configuration. Define stability.
17. Describe how and why the size of the atoms changes in relation to their position on the period table. Given a list of elements, state which will have a larger or smaller atom.
18. Define ionization and ionization energy and state how and why the ease of ionization changes in relation to an elements' position in the periodic table. Given a list of elements, state which will be easier or harder to ionize, and which will have the higher (or lower) ionization energy.
19. Define electronegativity, state how it is related to ionization and to the electronic structure of an atom, state which element is most and which is least electronegative and where they are on the periodic table, given a selection of elements tell which is most and least electronegative and explain why.

VII. Bonding and the Formation of Compounds

1. Define, describe, give and identify examples of bonds, bonding, and stability. Discuss stability and bonding.
2. State the octet rule; given a periodic table, tell which elements gain and which elements lose electrons to complete their octets; state what happens to an atom when it completes its octet.
3. Use the octet rule to give the charge on the monatomic ion for any representative element.
4. Describe ionic bonding, including what type of elements form this bond, how the electrons are involved, and the nature of the attractive force. Give the properties of ionic compounds. Define salt.
5. Draw Lewis Dot structures for elements, ionic compounds, and simple covalent compounds (such as water, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane, HCl). Relate Lewis Dot structures to valence electron configuration and the octet rule.
6. Determine the correct formula for an ionic compound, given the elements or polyatomic ions involved.
7. Describe covalent bonding including what type of elements form this bond, how the electrons are involved, and the nature of the attractive force - describe a bonding orbital, how it is made and how many electrons it contains. Describe a single, double, and triple bond. Give the properties of covalent compounds.
8. Define electronegativity, state which element is most and which is least electronegative and where they are on the periodic table. Given two or more elements, select the most and least electronegative elements. Tell how electronegativity is related to bonding, bond type, and polarity of a bond or polarity of a molecule. List the four most electronegative elements in order.
9. Define a polar molecule and a polar bond; given a series of binary compounds, decide which is most or least polar. State why compounds like H2O or NH3 are polar and CO2 or CH4 are not; state what elements are involved in non-polar bonds. Identify bonds and molecules as being polar or non-polar
10. Define polyatomic ion. State the name, formula and charge of selected polyatomic ions (sulfate, sulfite, nitrate, carbonate, phosphate, cyanide, hypochlorite, hydroxide, bicarbonate, and ammonium).

VIII. Nomenclature and Formulas of Compounds

1. Given the name for a compound, or given the elements or ions involved in a compound, give the correct formula of that compound. Given the formula for a compound, give its systematic name.
2. Define oxidation number and state how it relates to the charge of an ion. Given a periodic table, give the oxidation number for any representative element alone or as part of any compound. Give examples of elements that can have more than one oxidation state. Give the formula and oxidation numbers of selected elements that have more than one oxidation state (Cu, Fe, Sn, Pb, Hg).
3. Given the formula for any of the following types of compounds, give the correct chemical name for that compound, AND given the name, give the correct formula. Binary - metal and non-metal i.e., PbCl4, FeCl3, Binary - 2 non-metals, i.e. SO2, P2O5, Binary - with hydrogen cation, i.e. HBr, Ternary - oxy-acids, i.e., HNO3, H2CO3, Ternary - bases (hydroxides), Ternary - with polyatomic ion.
4. Define the terms Acid, Base, and Salt, and give examples of each. Define and describe neutralization reaction, given examples name the parts and explain the process.

IX. Calculations Involving Formulas, Elements, and Compounds:

1. Define a mole in terms of atoms or molecules, and grams of a substance.
2. Given a number of moles, calculate (using unit factors) a number of atoms or molecules; given a number of atoms or molecules, calculate a number of moles.
3. Given a number of grams of an element or compound, calculate (using unit factors) the number of moles. Given a number of moles of an element or compound, calculate the number of grams.
4. Given a number of grams, calculate (using unit factors) a number of molecules or atoms.
5. Given a name or formula of a compound, calculate the formula weight of that compound.
6. Given a formula or name of a compound, calculate the percent composition. Given two or more compounds that all contain a particular element, indicate which has the largest or smallest % of that element.
7. Define empirical formula; describe its relation to and difference from molecular formula.

X. Equations and Chemical Reactions

1. Define chemical equation and balanced equation. Given a chemical equation, identify the reactants, products, and coefficients, and balance the equation. Correctly and properly incorporate additional symbols used in chemical equations.
2. Given the reactants only, describe the process for completing and balancing a chemical equation, and complete and balance the equation.
3. Identify and describe synthesis reactions, give examples of the four types of synthesis reactions (metal and non-metal, element and oxygen, water and metal oxide, water and non-metal oxide), complete and balance all these types of reactions.
4. Identify and describe decomposition reactions, give examples and complete and balance this type of reaction.
5. Identify and describe single displacement reactions and give examples. Define and describe the activity series and how this relates to single displacement reaction. Define oxidation and reduction, state how this relates to reactions and give examples. Complete and balance single displacement reactions.
6. Identify and describe double displacement reactions, complete and balance them. Define and describe precipitation and neutralization reactions, give the general form of a neutralization reaction, complete and balance neutralization and precipitation reactions.
7. Tell why chemical reactions occur, define exothermic and endothermic reactions and give examples of each.
8. Identify a reaction as a combustion reaction; state the products in combustion of hydrocarbons, and given only the reactants, complete and balance a combustion reaction.

XI. Calculations from Chemical Eqns.

1. Given a balanced reaction, give all the mole ratios (unit factors) for that reaction, and tell which are used to calculate moles of one substance from moles of another.
2. Given a balanced reaction, and (for one compound in the reaction) a number of moles of a compound, calculate the moles of all other compounds used or produced. (Perform mole - mole calculations from balanced chemical equations).
3. Given a mass (or moles) of one participant in a balanced reaction, calculate the mass (or moles) of all other substances used or produced in the reaction.
4. Define stoichiometry.

XII. Liquids and Changes of State

1. Define and describe both in bulk and at the molecular level, evaporation, heat of vaporization, boiling point, heat of fusion, freezing, sublimation, and condensation. State which processes are exothermic and which are endothermic and why. State what affect each has on surroundings. Predict, discuss, and describe their affects and effects on natural processes.
2. Draw and label all parts of a heating curve and cooling curve.
2. State how water differs from H2S, H2Se, H2Te and why. Define hydrogen bonding, and state what elements are involved in hydrogen bonding, and how hydrogen bonding affects the physical properties of water. Define and describe intermolecular force.

III. Properties of Solution

1. Define and identify solution, solute and solvent, give examples.
2. Define concentration, dilute, concentrated, unsaturated, saturated, supersaturated, miscible, immiscible.
3. Describe (generally) why things dissolve in water (and why things do not dissolve in water), what affects the amount that dissolves, and how fast things dissolve.
4. Define percent by weight, given a mass of solute and solvent (or solution), calculate the percent concentration, define a weight/volume percent, calculate a weight/volume percent define a volume/volume percent.
5. Define molarity and molar solution, given a volume of solution and moles of solute or grams of solute, calculate molarity. Given molarity and a volume, calculate moles of solute.
6. Write and be able to use the formula M1V1=M2V2 to solve dilution problems.
7. Define, describe, and explain colligative properties, osmosis, diffusion, and osmotic pressure, including examples.

"Chemical Problem-Solving by Dimensional Analysis"
Author: Loebel, Arnold B.

This book is in the library on reserve under Professor Dorneman's name. DO NOT WRITE IN THE TEXTBOOK!

This is a programmed textbook, that is, it leads you through a section of material and requires you to answer questions on the material as you proceed. It takes you through a particular type of problem in a step-by-step manner, asking questions that you will answer and checking your answers at every step.

This book does not do everything exactly as done in lecture, but they are done in a very similar fashion. The major difference is in terminology. Specifically, what your course manual calls unit factors, this book calls conversion factors and what this book calls gram molecular weight (or gram atomic weight) your course manual shortens to molecular weight (or atomic weight).

The sections of this book are independent and can be used if you are having problems with a specific topic or need review.

Specific Topic	Chapter and Section
Scientific Notation	1 A
Significant Figures	1 C
Rounding Off Numbers	1 C
Metric System	3 A
Unit Factors	2 A B, 4 A
Temperature Scales and Conversions	3 C
Density Calculations	4 A
Per centages	4 C
Balancing Chemical Equations	8 A
Oxidation Numbers	8 C
Nomenclature (skip meta, ortho, pyro)	9 A C D F
Salts of Acids	9 F
Mole, Avogadro's Number, and Mass Calculations	5 C
Mole Ratios and Calculations from Chemical Equations	10 A B
Molarity	14 A
Weight %	4 C
Dilution	14 D

Mid-semester evaluation - use the following proceedure:
Calculate the percentage of points that you have acquired to date and compare that to the chart below.
(total your quiz scores) + (your score on the first exam) = part you care about
 (amount of quizzes given to date x 10) + 100 = total possible
Your % = (part you care about) x 100
                     (total possible)
If your % is:     Your grade is:
91% - 100%   = A
81% - 90.9%  = B
70% - 80.9%  = C
60% - 69.9%  = D
Course Grade - See the directions on pages 2 and 3 of this Course Outline.

Topic Schedule and Homework Assignments (approximately by week)